The international institute of tropical agriculture conducted a survey on child labor on west african cocoa plantations in 2002. An employer needs to understand the content of the national labour code and other laws that relate to child labour. Included a case study analysis of legislative action taken in the uk and other jurisdictions to address child labour and modern slaveryforced labour within global supply chains, providing a road map for canadian solutions to this problem. Child labour and cocoa production in west africa nbcgib. Department of labor, also found evidence of important progress, including significant improvements in access to education for child laborers in both. Initially written as a working draft by the new academy of business for the members of its innovation network for. Child labour is a form of child exploitation and it is worldwide phenomenon. Yet for thousands of children in the cocoa fields of west africa, chocolate is a source not of pleasure but of hard, sometimes hazardous, work. The cocoa industry has major exposure to labour rights issues.
Bestcase scenario, were only doing 10% of whats needed. However, many companies quickly sours when we dig deeper into the products we use on a daily basis, such as have not and continue to use cocoa which may have been use of forced, child and trafficked labour. Child labour in cocoa industry fair trade child labour scribd. A new tulane university study of the west african chocolate industry estimates that 2. Child labour in cocoa production wikipedia republished. The paper will also address the marketing strategies employed in the marketing of the product. Ewing columbia university, usa reports of forced child labour on the cocoa farms of cote divoire surfaced in 2000 and quickly became an important business issue for a number of prominent companies. In this case study, you will learn more about cocoa production and child labour in west africa, and how some small farmers and their families are improving their lives by selling fair trade cocoa. The clccg was formed when the governments of cote divoire and ghana, the u.
The3pindexpreventionprotectionorprosecutioncriticalcasestudy. As many of you might already know that in first world countries today, it is illegal for children to work under aged and even if they do, parents are not allowed to keep their child away from education. Despite the industrys claims, child labor still plagues cocoa farms in western africa. Ov e rv i e w issues of child labor and trafficking in west african country became media spotlight on 2000. First, we wanted to study child labour within the context of the production. Solved slavery in the chocolate industry fortyfive. Despite their role in contributing to child labor, slavery, and human trafficking, the chocolate industry has not taken significant steps to remedy the problem. Child labour is a widespread and growing phenomenon in the developing world. The analysis of the case study aims at understanding some of the factors that have led to the undesirable rating of the firm among the alltime most unethical companies in the food industry. Its not the first time cadbury faced the issues of slavery.
This case study examines the role played by cocoa in ghanas economy, by the institutions that transmit global prices to producers, growth of the sector in relation to global prices, and its association with poverty reduction. Public and private institutional responses to advocacy attacks. Researching the impact of increased cocoa yields on the. Slavery in the chocolate industry group 1 kausar javed shafia aslam noor ul huda history in 2001, human rights report estimated that about 15000 children from the neighboring nations of benin, mali and togo had been sold into slavery to labor on ivory coast farms. What are the connections between cocoa, chocolate and child labour. The case slavery in the chocolate industry discusses labor exploitation in the chocolate show more content according to kants categorical theory we should never use people only as a means to your ends but always treat them as they freely and rationally consent to be treated. Dating back as far as 1908, cadbury had faced slavery issues on its cocoa. The consideration of age for being child labour is different in different nations and nature of works. Case study of ethical aspect in nestle company academic. Child labor in the chocolate industry i case study. The issue of child labour and cocoa production continues. Combating child labour through corporate social responsibility. Childrens rights in the cocoagrowing communities of. The cocoa industry and child labour request pdf researchgate.
We are also working with governments, certifiers and the broader cocoa and chocolate industry to address it. The case of the global cocoa industry and child labour abuse clark, alexandra. The rest of the discussion is organized in three sections. Privately, many industry officials believed that the kind of certification sought by the protocols was unrealistic. The widespread use of children in cocoa production is objectionable, not only for the concerns. A chocolatecoated case for alternative international business models. The individual case studies which follow give a detail account of the individual positions of each company. This case study was conducted to identify ethical aspect of chocalate industry which related to the used of child labour in farming and harvesting process in west africa region. How does your system to help stop child labor work.
The case deals with the issue of child labor in the international cocoa supply chain using nestle as an example. Labor rights forum, adds, every research study ever conducted in western. Maplecroft child labour index 2012 survey reports 76 countries pose extreme child labour complicity risks for. Ilabs work has been essential to confronting the challenge of child labor in west african cocoa.
Attention to human rights in the cocoa sector in west africa has historically centered on the problem of child labor, which has long been known to be endemic in the industry. The link between child labour and chocolate production is, lamentably, a longstanding one. Nestle is a global corporation that should acknowledge the importance of employing the right ethical behaviors for the realization of its universal dream. A case study of ogetse in the krachi west district of the volta region. In the case of forced and bonded labour, there may be a misunderstanding of the nature of the agreement that leads to. Schrage council on foreign relations, usa anthony p. The us study found that between 2001 and 2009, less than 4% of people in ivory coasts cocoagrowing communities had been helped by the industrys programmes, and. Child labor and slavery in the chocolate industry food. Child labour in agriculture, published by the project developing national and international trade union strategies to combat child labour, bureau for workers. The media coverage leads to us congress passed mandate for fda to label chocolate with free child labor production with july 1, 2005 deadline. Business and human rights division, this case study seeks to analyze the effectiveness.
Because cocoa was produced on over a million small farms in western africa, insuring that all of these farms, most located deep in the bush, complied with child labor laws seemed impossible. The cocoa industry has profited from the utilization of forced labor in west africa since. Forced child labor and cocoa production in west africa. This is mainly because tony schocolonely performs better on the impacts underearning of smallholder farmers that receive a tony schocolonely premium, child labor and forced labor. Tulane university releases report on child labor in west.
Case study of the ethical issues of child labor in. Despite the portuguese decree in 1876 abolishing slavery, and the release of cocoa plantation. Nestle facing child labor case study nestle facing. A major study of the issue, published in fortune magazine in the u. The cocoa industry has profited from the utilization of forced labor in west africa since the late 1800s. As the chocolate industry has grown over the years, so has the demand for cheap. Request pdf the cocoa industry and child labour reports of forced child labour.
Nike and global labour practices 2 introduction the following case study outlines nikes experience in developing and implementing various labour practice initiatives in its footwear and apparel factories worldwide. The 9th circuit court of appeals said last thursday that the firms may have tolerated child slavery on cocoa farms to. Checkpoints for companies eliminating and preventing child labour 4 analysis of the situation 1. Labor department, a majority of the 2 million child laborers in the cocoa industry are living on their parents farms, doing the type of dangerous work swinging. Child labour in india 79 age group of 514 years in the world, apart from those who work with their families mainly in traditional activities raynauld and vidal, 1998.
In the case of cocoa we believe this connection to be both. Slavery in the chocolate industry fortyfive percent of the chocolate we consume in the united states and in the rest of the world is made from cocoa beans grown and harvested on farms in the ivory coast, a small nation on the western coast of africa. The strategy was to first introduce the international cocoa initiative which is an organisation funded by the companies within the cocoa industry to tackle child labour. Public and private institutional responses to advocacy.
One of the recommendations in the flas comprehensive report was to set up a child labour monitoring and remediation system clmrs. Analytical study on child labour in volta lake fishing in ghana international labour office, international programme on the elimination of child labour ipec. We know we probably shouldnt but, hey, its been a long day. Child labour in cocoa industry free download as powerpoint presentation.
Few realize that a portion of the ivory coast cocoa beans that goes into the chocolate we eat was grown and harvested by slave children. Slavery in the chocolate industry case study by katty jd. Over the past decade the global agrifood industry has come under increasing attack by advocacy groups related to their production and marketing processes bowmar and gow, 2009. Child labor in the chocolate industry a research guide.
Determinants of child labour and schooling in the native. We are pleased to present, child labour and cocoa production in west africa. Producing cocoa, including land clearing, using machetes and cutlasses for weeding, collecting cocoa pods with a harvesting hook, breaking cocoa pods, working in the vicinity of pesticide spraying, and carrying heavy loads of water 2,5,814. An earlier version of this paper was published as a case study in schrage 2004. In recent years, however, a combination of increasing public awareness and intensifying international. Review national laws regarding child labour why it is essential to know how your national law defines child labour.
Child labour in cocoa industry fair trade child labour. The case begins when two friends, simon and linda, get into a public disagreement. An investigation into nestles efforts to establish. Child labour the facts an estimated 246 million children are engaged in child labour. Department of labor, and representatives of the international chocolate and cocoa industry committed to joining together in the fight against child labor in the production of cocoa. The essay will focus on the child labor in the chocolate industry, addressing its purpose, how well is the product known and whether the production of the product is able to satisfy the target market. The3pindexpreventionprotectionorprosecutioncriticalcase study. The case deals with the issue of child labor in the international cocoa supply chain using. The goal of this study was to determine the occupational hazards experienced by children harvesting cocoa in western ghana in order to design a vocational literacy life skills curriculum and radio social messaging campaign with a safety component to decrease hazardous work exposures in child agricultural work. A recent study of children ages nine to eighteen in ghana found that labor not only.